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[641] [...] Gleichzeitig war bei den Anti-Federalists die Befürchtung, das Amendment-Verfahren sei zu schwierig, eng mit der Auffassung verknüpft, dass die grundsätzlich notwendige Beifügung und Garantie einer Bill of Rights eines zweiten Verfassungskonvents vor der eigentlichen Verfassungsratifizierung bedürfte, vgl. E.P. Smith, The Movement Towards a Second Constitutional Convention in 1788, in: J.F. Jameson, Essays in the Constitutional History of the United States in the Formative Period, 1775 –1789, 1889, S. 46 ff. Madison freilich vertröstete die Anhänger dieser Idee auf den Zeitraum nach der Ratifizierung und versicherte die anschließende Aufnahme einer Bill of Rights. Die „amending articles“ verteidigte er im übrigen als ein „neither wholly national nor wholly federal“ (The Federalist No. 39) Heilmittel gegen alle erdenklichen Fehler in der Verfassung, versehen mit der Funktion „equally against that extreme facility, which would render the Constitution too mutable, and that extreme difficulty, which might perpetuate its discovered faults“ (The Federalist No. 43) zu wachen, vgl. auch J.R. Vile, American Views of the Constitutional Amending Process: An Intellectual History of Article V, in: 25 AJLH (1991), S. 44 ff., 49 f. |
Anti-Federalist fears that the amending process was too difficult were linked to their perception that, if a Constitution was to be adopted, a Bill of Rights first needed to be added to the Document and that the best guarantee of such an addition was a second convention which would append such guarantees prior to constitutional ratification. [Fn. 38: See Smith, The Movement Towards a Second Constitutional Convention in 1788 in ESSAYS IN THE CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES IN THE FORMATIVE PERIOD, 1775-1789 46-115 (1909).] [...] To his general defense of the amending articles a "neither as wholly national nor wholly federal" [Fn 40] cure for any discovered faults in the Constitution guarding, "equally against that extreme facility, which would render the Constitution too mutable, and that extreme difficulty, which might perpetuate its discovered faults," [Fn 41] Madison gave assurances that, once the new document was ratified, he and other Federalists would work toward the adoption of a Bill of Rights.
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